A horse race is a contest of speed between horses that are either ridden by jockeys or pulling sulkies (driven by drivers). This sport has a rich history and is rooted in early civilizations, such as Ancient Greece, Rome, Babylon, Syria, Egypt, and Arabia. In the Middle Ages it became a popular pastime in Europe. Throughout the centuries, a number of important innovations have helped horse racing become what it is today.
The most famous of these improvements is the invention of a padded saddle, designed to protect a horse’s back from impact and absorb some of the shock caused by jumping over obstacles. This innovation, in turn, led to the evolution of the thoroughbred breed of horse, which is primarily used for racing. The horse’s large size and stamina are essential to the sport because flat races, such as those held in the Piazza del Campo in Siena, Italy, typically last over one mile and require a great deal of endurance.
In a horse race, a starting gate opens at the command of an operator, allowing the horses to start from a designated point. The horse that crosses the finish line first wins. Before a race is run the horses are inspected by stewards and patrol judges, who check for rule infractions. The horses are also given saliva and urine samples to look for prohibited substances.
Each horse is assigned a certain weight, or number of pounds, based on its sex, age, and distance racing history. This weight is added to the total amount of money that a horse can win, which is called its mutuel (pronounced mah-tuhle) share. The total prize pool is divided among the winners in accordance with rules set forth by the governing body of each country.
The sport of horse racing is controversial, with animal rights activists demanding a ban on it. In recent years, however, the sport has made progress in improving safety and the quality of life for its horses. When a tragedy such as the 30 deaths at Santa Anita or the 12 at Churchill Downs happens, an investigation is launched and reforms are implemented.
While a lot has been done to improve the conditions of horses in the sport, critics say it’s still not enough. The fact is that horses are animals and they’re going to die in this sport, no matter how safe we make it for them. The industry understands this, but the general public doesn’t.
During a horse race, spectators watch from the grandstands and infield. The track is a sight to behold, with its crowded infield and millionaires row. Many of the 80,000 fans have a spot in this area, where they can eat, drink, and socialize as the horses run past them at a hypnotic pace. When a race is close, the crowd is loud and excited as it hopes for their favorite to win.